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  • Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa)

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ID Subject of Study Study Name Name Type Overall Effect Enzymes Transporters Object Object Metabolite Precipitant
NPDI-Ue8YDg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) The inhibitory effects of mitragynine on P-glycoprotein in vitro Permeability of mitragynine across Caco-2 monolayer cells In Vitro Transporter Kinetics negative — No In Vitro Transport Activity
  • P-gp (ABCB1)
mitragynine
NPDI-2VLnZA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Evaluation of In Vitro Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) Properties of Mitragynine, 7-Hydroxymitragynine, and Mitraphylline Mitragynine P-gp transport activity In Vitro Transporter Kinetics negative — No In Vitro Transport Activity
  • P-gp (ABCB1)
mitragynine
NPDI-yG9O9A Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Evaluation of In Vitro Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) Properties of Mitragynine, 7-Hydroxymitragynine, and Mitraphylline Mitragynine p-gp transport kinetics MDCK In Vitro Transporter Kinetics negative — No In Vitro Transport Activity
  • P-gp (ABCB1)
mitragynine
NPDI-38uQKg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Metabolite profiling and identification of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of mitragynine, the major alkaloid of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) Mitragynine metabolism and metabolite formation In Vitro Enzyme Screen positive — In Vitro Detectable Metabolism
  • CYP3A4
mitragynine 7-hydroxymitragynine
NPDI-TZxzig Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Evaluation of the Effects of Mitragyna speciosa Alkaloid Extract on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Using a High Throughput Assay Mitragynine inhibition of CYP3A4 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A4
7-benzyloxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-coumarin 7-hydroxy-4-(trifluromethyl)-coumarin mitragynine
NPDI-C7Expw zidovudine Inhibition of UGT2B7 Enzyme Activity in Human and Rat Liver Microsomes by Herbal Constituents Inhibition of Mitragynine on ZDV Glucoronidation in RLM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • UGT2B7
zidovudine zidovudine glucuronide mitragynine
NPDI-DEOq7g Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) The inhibitory effects of mitragynine on P-glycoprotein in vitro Down regulation of P-gp mRNA expression by 10 µM mitragynine In Vitro Transporter Induction positive — In Vitro Transporter Down Regulation
  • P-gp (ABCB1)
mitragynine
NPDI-sfeVpQ Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations Screening of mitragynine as inhibitors of CYP2D6 activity in HLM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2D6
dextromethorphan dextrorphan mitragynine
NPDI-9spGvg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (the alkaloids of Mitragyna speciosa Korth) on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in rat and human liver microsomes and recombinant human uridine 5’- diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms Negligible inhibition of UGT2B7 by mitragynine In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition negative — In Vitro Enzyme Negligible Inhibition
  • UGT2B7
4-methylumbelliferone 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide mitragynine
NPDI-ypADxQ Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Inhibitory effect of mitragynine on human cytochrome P450 enzyme activities No inhibition of CYP3A4 by mitragynine In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition negative — In Vitro Enzyme Negligible Inhibition
  • CYP3A4
luciferin 6’benzyl ether (luciferin-be) luciferin mitragynine
NPDI-Nl2Cww Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (the alkaloids of Mitragyna speciosa Korth) on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in rat and human liver microsomes and recombinant human uridine 5’- diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms Negligible inhibition of UGT in human liver microsomes by mitragynine In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition negative — In Vitro Enzyme Negligible Inhibition
  • UGT
4-methylumbelliferone 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide mitragynine
NPDI-515DHw Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations Inhibition kinetics of CYP3A activity by mitragynine in HLM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-laH1lA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Exploration of cytochrome P450 inhibition mediated drug-drug interaction potential of kratom alkaloids Weak Inhibition of Mitragynine for CYP1A2 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition negative — In Vitro Enzyme Negligible Inhibition
  • CYP1A2
phenacetin acetaminophen mitragynine
NPDI-ksOM2w Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations Inhibition kinetics of CYP2D6 activity by mitragynine in HLM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2D6
dextromethorphan dextrorphan mitragynine
NPDI-EjMg0g Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations IC50 shift determination for mitragynine towards CYP3A activity in HLM without NADPH In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-E56YVg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) P-glycoprotein interactions of novel psychoactive substances – Stimulation of ATP consumption and transport across Caco-2 monolayers Mitragynine Inhibition In Vitro Transporter Inhibition positive — In Vitro Transporter Inhibition
  • P-gp (ABCB1)
rhodamine 123 mitragynine
NPDI-QbMPuw Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations Screening of kratom extracts as inhibitors CYP3A activity in HIM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-d5Gm3Q Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Evaluation of the Effects of Mitragyna speciosa Alkaloid Extract on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Using a High Throughput Assay Mitragynine inhibition of CYP2C19 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2C19
3-cyano-7-ethoxycoumarin 3-cyano-7-hydroxycoumarin mitragynine
NPDI-bOmVTQ Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations Screening of mitragynine as inhibitors of CYP2C9 activity in HLM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2C9
diclofenac 4'-hydroxydiclofenac mitragynine
NPDI--jKvig Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations IC50 shift determination for mitragynine towards CYP2D6 activity in HLM without NADPH In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2D6
dextromethorphan dextrorphan mitragynine
NPDI-payj8A Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Evaluation of the Effects of Mitragyna speciosa Alkaloid Extract on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Using a High Throughput Assay Mitragynine inhibition of CYP2D6 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2D6
3-[2-(n,n-diethyl-n-methylammonium)ethyl]-7-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin 3-[2-(n,n-diethyl-n-methylammonium)ethyl]-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin mitragynine
NPDI-xK3lmw Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations IC50 shift determination for mitragynine towards CYP2C9 activity in HLM without NADPH In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2C9
diclofenac 4'-hydroxydiclofenac mitragynine
NPDI-0hNq0Q Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Exploration of cytochrome P450 inhibition mediated drug-drug interaction potential of kratom alkaloids Weak Inhibition of Mitragynine for CYP2C9 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition negative — In Vitro Enzyme Negligible Inhibition
  • CYP2C9
diclofenac 4'-hydroxydiclofenac mitragynine
NPDI-J2PdQQ Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Exploration of cytochrome P450 inhibition mediated drug-drug interaction potential of kratom alkaloids Inhibition of Mitragynine for CYP2C8 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2C8
amodiaquine n-desethylamodiaquine mitragynine
NPDI-mJ7zbw Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Evaluation of In Vitro Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) Properties of Mitragynine, 7-Hydroxymitragynine, and Mitraphylline Inhibition of P-gp by Mitragynine In Vitro Transporter Inhibition positive — In Vitro Transporter Inhibition
  • P-gp (ABCB1)
calcein-am mitragynine
NPDI-4_UdSg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations IC50 shift determination for mitragynine towards CYP3A activity in HLM with NADPH In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-MpwNXw Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Evaluation of the Effects of Mitragyna speciosa Alkaloid Extract on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Using a High Throughput Assay Mitragynine inhibition of CYP1A2 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP1A2
3-cyano-7-ethoxycoumarin 3-cyano-7-hydroxycoumarin mitragynine
NPDI-17YRkg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Exploration of cytochrome P450 inhibition mediated drug-drug interaction potential of kratom alkaloids Inhibition of Mitragynine for CYP2D6 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2D6
dextromethorphan dextrorphan mitragynine
NPDI-c_gPeA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Exploration of cytochrome P450 inhibition mediated drug-drug interaction potential of kratom alkaloids Inhibition of Mitragynine for CYP3A4/5 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A4
  • CYP3A5
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-_PhwAA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Inhibitory effect of mitragynine on human cytochrome P450 enzyme activities Inhibition of CYP2D6 by mitragynine In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2D6
ethylene glycol ester of luciferin 6’methyl ether (luciferin me-ege) luciferin mitragynine
NPDI-Az8-Ow zidovudine Inhibition of UGT2B7 Enzyme Activity in Human and Rat Liver Microsomes by Herbal Constituents Inhibition of Mitragynine on ZDV Glucoronidation in HLM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • UGT2B7
zidovudine zidovudine glucuronide mitragynine
NPDI-Tr3Eyg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations Inhibition kinetics of CYP3A activity by mitragynine in HIM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-ov597g Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations Screening of mitragynine as inhibitors of CYP3A activity in HLM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-nWIYpA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) The inhibitory effects of mitragynine on P-glycoprotein in vitro Down regulation of P-gp mRNA expression by 1 µM mitragynine In Vitro Transporter Induction positive — In Vitro Transporter Down Regulation
  • P-gp (ABCB1)
mitragynine
NPDI-1tFkCA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Inhibitory effect of mitragynine on human cytochrome P450 enzyme activities Inhibition of CYP2C9 by mitragynine In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2C9
6’deoxyluciferin (luciferin h) luciferin mitragynine
NPDI-Xrn4xQ Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations IC50 shift determination for mitragynine towards CYP2C9 activity in HLM with NADPH In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2C9
diclofenac 4'-hydroxydiclofenac mitragynine
NPDI-vr5BAA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations Screening of mitragynine as inhibitors CYP3A activity in HIM In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-A66pwQ Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations IC50 shift determination for mitragynine towards CYP3A activity in HIM with NADPH In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-BLzT_g Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Exploration of cytochrome P450 inhibition mediated drug-drug interaction potential of kratom alkaloids Weak Inhibition of Mitragynine for CYP3A4/5 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition negative — In Vitro Enzyme Negligible Inhibition
  • CYP3A4
  • CYP3A5
testosterone 6beta-hydroxytestosterone mitragynine
NPDI-o8WmjA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations IC50 shift determination for mitragynine towards CYP3A activity in HIM without NADPH In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP3A
midazolam 1'-hydroxymidazolam mitragynine
NPDI-XFPmtA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations IC50 shift determination for mitragynine towards CYP2D6 activity in HLM with NADPH In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2D6
dextromethorphan dextrorphan mitragynine
NPDI-5VhYlA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (the alkaloids of Mitragyna speciosa Korth) on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in rat and human liver microsomes and recombinant human uridine 5’- diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms Negligible inhibition of UGT1A1 by mitragynine In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition negative — In Vitro Enzyme Negligible Inhibition
  • UGT1A1
4-methylumbelliferone 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide mitragynine
NPDI-Ua1CeQ Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Exploration of cytochrome P450 inhibition mediated drug-drug interaction potential of kratom alkaloids Inhibition of Mitragynine for CYP2C19 In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition positive — In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition
  • CYP2C19
mephenytoin, (s)- 4-hydroxymephenytoin, (s)- mitragynine
NPDI-XuAtuQ Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Characterization of Kratom material Characterization of Kratom material Characterization of Material
ID Subject of Study Name
NPDI-JHPnhA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) The inhibitory effects of mitragynine on P-glycoprotein in vitro
NPDI-4xNSSg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Evaluation of In Vitro Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) Properties of Mitragynine, 7-Hydroxymitragynine, and Mitraphylline
NPDI-dIgOyA Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Metabolite profiling and identification of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of mitragynine, the major alkaloid of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom)
NPDI-FfN_4A Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Evaluation of the Effects of Mitragyna speciosa Alkaloid Extract on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Using a High Throughput Assay
NPDI-r7lzqQ zidovudine Inhibition of UGT2B7 Enzyme Activity in Human and Rat Liver Microsomes by Herbal Constituents
NPDI-d8OUzg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations
NPDI-9C7QHg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (the alkaloids of Mitragyna speciosa Korth) on 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in rat and human liver microsomes and recombinant human uridine 5’- diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms
NPDI-XtvOZQ Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Inhibitory effect of mitragynine on human cytochrome P450 enzyme activities
NPDI-eReNjw Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Exploration of cytochrome P450 inhibition mediated drug-drug interaction potential of kratom alkaloids
NPDI-Yknaag Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) P-glycoprotein interactions of novel psychoactive substances – Stimulation of ATP consumption and transport across Caco-2 monolayers
NPDI-vQCHYg Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Characterization of Kratom material

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